What Do We Still Need to Know About Commercial Production of Forest-Grown Specialty Fungi?
نویسنده
چکیده
Agroforestry values can be diversified and enhanced by capitalizing on natural associations of trees with specialty fungi. Fungi with potential agroforestry application include ectomycorrhizal as well as wood and litter decay species. Mushroom cultivation can provide profitable avenues for recycling low-value stemwood (either intact or in particle form) and in-place stump systems of harvested trees. The major challenges to successful mushroom cultivation lie in effectively matching specific agroforestry systems with fungi adapted to them. Areas in need of study center on fungal genetic diversity, substrate suitability and presentation, environmental constraints on vegetative growth and fruiting, integrated pest management, and development of novel uses and products. This presentation addresses the limits of our working knowledge, using as examples the fungi Ganoderma lucidum (reishi or ling chih), Grifola frondosa (maitake or henof-the-woods), Hericium species (lion’s mane and others), Lentinula edodes (shiitake), Lepista nuda (blewit), Morchella species (black and yellow morels), Pleurotus species (oyster mushrooms), Stropharia rugosoannulata (wine-cap Stropharia), and Tuber melanosporum ( Périgord black truffle).
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